Tuesday, 29 December 2015

Film openings

What is a film opening?
Depending on the genre depends on what how the opening of a film is set out. Although all openings have the same concept, just set out differently, they set the scene, so the audience knows/ can predict what the stories about. For example if it's an animated film -ie. Disney films- they hold serenity at the beginning, its at a calm pace and its clear and peaceful, so the audience can follow and learn what this story is. Whereas a horror might leave the audience hanging a bit more, it may still set the scene- perhaps tell the audience of an evil or imply the evil is around, building up that genre from the beginning.

Why's film openings so important?
Without a film opening the audience would be lost and not know what was happening, they wouldn't really know what to predict in the following scenes. These openings are very important when creating a film because it sets the scene and tells the story, this is normally when there is a narrator, even though people barely notice, the narrator is normally present at the beginning and the end because it shows a complete circle of events.

Types of openings...
Flash backs.
Planning of landscape- set and inform where the story is set.
Narrations.
Action scene- to intrigue the audience in a fast pace scene
Chase scene- similar the the Action scene to catch the attention

My exampled of a film opening is from the women in black. Horrors are my personal favorite and believe they are very good at conveying opening to create tension and raise questions to further draw the audience into watching the rest of the film. The women in black (linked here) is a film about a small town who's children are being killed but the cause is unknown to all the adults. Throughout the opening there is a creepy tune that sounds as if it should be a nursery rhyme just slowed right down. This is the only sound throughout the opening- other than the scream from what must be the mother. The lack of speech suggests an almost hypnotic sense taking over this innocent children.
The first thing shown is a china set of tea cups and pot suggesting a play of "make believe", most horrors use children to help the portrayal of a psychological scare because they are meant to be innocent and free minded. As shown on the picture on the right, you can see an old fashion nursery room/ play room suggesting these children are families of class or wealth. This would have been set many years ago, those with class never had anything happen to them, well nothing that was revealed anyway. These children would have been left up there and known they would play without any harm. Although the music on top of this suggests otherwise.

The caring and nurturing of the dolls, the giving them drink and tucking them in the bed suggests that these girls aren't evil or horrible, they are innocent children doing what most children done. This is important when creating tension in this case for an opening because if the audience didn't know what genre this was, and there was no sound, this may have been taken very differently. However, the dark tone of the shots suggests this isn't a happy place to be, even if the children are smiling away. The darkness suggests danger, their safe play room, is no longer safe for them. This is also important when creating an opening because it suggests this happens very regularly so even the sun doesn't bother to come out as this is a forever mourning. The audience may then be lead to engage with the film and want to find out more to why these children are smiling yet the music says they shouldn't be.    

Continuing into the opening scene, the girls stop what they are doing completely and in sync look at the door then to the window. The bells in the music begin to get louder suggesting something is about to occur. The first glance of the three girls raises questions of who are they looking at, as we can't hear anything we do not know whether they are being spoken to or they being hypnotized. The way these girls are in sync creates are very creepy and eary feeling to the audience. Children don't normally do things in sync, this is abnormal and it draws in the audience.

The smashing of the china cups and dolls that were once in the hands of the innocent and caring children, are now being broken and smashed. As if the girls never cared for them. The killing of the dolls foreshadows the unsure emotion impacting on the audience because it seems they are possessed. Especially when it is shown the girls are walking over to a window, opening it as if a door. This further implies that the thing doing this to all the children doesn't physically do it themselves, but it's the children doing it. Which is very important to an opening scene as the audience is left wanting to see what is causing this and why.
The end of this scene is a pan out to show the room, in the corner shows someone in a black veil, looking at the name suggests this is the "woman in black". Yet it's important for the opening to not reveal everything, hence why this subject has their back to the camera and only half the head is shown.

Tuesday, 15 December 2015

Theoretical approaches to media representations of youth

Gramsci: Hegemony, the ideological influence of the bourgeoise and the proletariat
Hebdige: i believe media representations of young people portray them as either fun or trouble. Wrote a book about the importance of the style to youth subcultures. youth as fun/ trouble, youth subcultures resist hegemony through style.
Acland: the concept of the ideology of protection, anti-social youth reinforces hegemony.
             The effect of television on viewers, the repetitive nature of television means that over time tv influences how people see the world, cultivation theory.


Ann gould identified 6 ket stereotypes in the media's representation of youth…
- rebellious
-Artificial tribe
-sexual
-Nihilistic
-violent
-self-destructive

Bikers- trouble makers- "scooters"
swearing
slang-uneducated
drugs??
sly meetings
staring at women
smoking.
women- UV lighting- tanning.
"You wanna watch it you know" threating each other.
"Riot police fly" - newspaper article.
Fighting each other by singing over each other
Fight then automatically making up.
Leather jacket.
"what am I black or summin?"
Checking the mirror- self centred
"banged up- as if it was a good thing.
Getting high in a bath room
Partying
camera view- serval people in shot outside the house- showing the shadows of people dancing.
 Anti-stereotype- boy "boyfriend of host" dressed well, well spoken.
Drinking.
Loud music in the party scene- inconsiderate of the neighbours.
Big paintings in the house- suggesting wealth, but the rebellious boys have gate crashed, running the class of the party.
Going to a party looking for women.
damaging the property- smashing glass- the sound tells us this- can't see it though- dark room.
Stealing the bike.
Always taking drugs
ruining the gardens- the flowers- trouble makers, rude

Being a  post boy- serving the adults- younger generation used for their work.
Adults much better spoken
boy throwing up- hung over.
Adults ignoring it- probably happens all the time, regular, its normal, not phased by it.
Coming home late- not telling parents.
Mum "it's not normal"- looking down on him.
"pop by" with out consent.
Camera- in the shed- them out- children are forever outside.
"don't wannna be the same as everyone"
Betting, smoking dark light- rebel, ill gel, they know they are doing wrong, so do it in the dark- so they can't be caught.

In the work office, he isn't as much as a "rude" boy compared to when his friends- still slang- no swearing though

"what we gonna do bout pills then"
Having to be kicked out of the restaurant.
Looking for a fight- kicking his bike- he hadn't done anything.
Being sexist "what one are you boy or girl"
going others pain.
"gonna kill em"- sticking together
There are different groups.
so much energy
Camera- following them ride on their bike.
gangs
Damaging public property
"I don't know I don't have a watch"- being scarastic to parents.

distoring his car.
damaging other peoples property- in the dark.
everything done bad is in dark light- they know they are doing wrong.
breaking and entering

buying love with drugs
cheating on each other- in the dark! lighting is far right. can nearly see them- in an alley.


Media-tv- staring into the tv.
adults- as if it's a different world compared to teenagers. "I could play better than that"
"that racket"
"that'll make you death you know"

Massive crowd of people, but there stand out significantly compared with the adults- adults dressed normally- they in green jackets.
running from police
confronting the police

causing havoc on the beach
camera quickly cutting for scene to scene
each shoot contained many people
lots of fighting

Quadrophenia essay.

After watching the film Quadrophenia, it implies that ageism was present in the time this was produced. Forming a very negative stereotype of teenagers- suggesting they are all very rude, trouble makers and disruptive. As Cohen claims, films such as Quadrophenia are exaggerated and distort the truth because he found through research that there was little evidence which he could find that such clashes between rival groups of motor-cycle scooter gangs actually took place. Supported by Gould who identified 6 stereotypes which the media forms around a teenager, Quadrophenia ticks most of the given stereotypes. Thus suggesting the film Quadrophenia is a media representation of a biased view of teenagers.

The opening of the film presents (alongside the credits) bikers taking up the entire road and getting in the way of everyone else, being disruptive. Automatically the mise-en-scene of the biker gang conveys a troubling view of these adolescents, not to mention the daring atmosphere- not worried about being hit off the bike, they just want the show off in front of each other- already showing the relevance of Gould's stereotype list- especially the rebellious one.. There is already a stereotype forming around these characters and all we have seen in them riding their bikes. As theorist Cohen suggests, this portrayal of teenagers is massively incorrect and biased because there is little evidence to imply teenagers actually behave in this manor. The speech of these adolescents is rather poor suggesting uneducated, slang is very key here, alongside the swearing which is used every other word between teenagers. In the opening part of this film, there is a sneaky sense that they may be doing drugs- acting suspicious down an alley. Not with standing this, female teenagers here are suggested to be male orientated because they are for the view of the male gaze- just as theorist Laura Mulvey claims- women are objects for the male pleasure. Additionally there is a scene of what seems to be a public bathroom, where too male characters are trying to compete on who can see the loudest and who has the better music taste. This petty fight soon stops when they see each other. The form of the irrelevant argument shows how the creator of this film suggests teenagers would be rude to anyone-yet when they know them, they'd stop.

However as shown later on in the film, even though there isn't a lot of dominance shown by the rebellious age group of teenage trouble makers, if they need money- as a job, they will present a more polite behavior, swearing is less common. Suggesting that there is a small hierarchy between ages. However when the main character is with his parents this hierarchy is not present, he is very rude and informal, neglecting the idea which they should respect their elders.

Thursday, 10 December 2015

The male gaze

The male gaze and the contemporary representation of women in the media, to what extent do Mulvey's theory on the male gaze and Schroeder's contemporary media texts. 
Easy A scene
Mulvey-….
Tight corset- black (meant to the the slimming colour of clothing) and it is silky- sexy.
Revealing clothes
Sun glasses- mysterious- bitting the glasses when talking
Pearls
Air kissing men- teasing them
Boys moving out- making a pathway
Looking her up and down
"Boy I will be your sexy silk"- music, smooth music.
Throwing herself at men.
Even girls at watching her.
Shaking hips as she walks- not talking to those looking at her- leaving them hanging- giving them something to look at- even when she's walked past the boys are continuing to gaze at her- shown from the camera shoot at 20 seconds.
lick off food on the fork- making the boys fall for her.
Longing out the words- Dumb to be pretty- to get the attention from men-
       BUT… Use of longer words- anagram, Rhetorical question
She's doing it to prove a point, if people think she's like that, she decides to dress like it. She doesn't normally dress in this way. Although as she is, all the boys are falling at their knees for her (literally)- she's being very revealing- the part small section at the end of this clip shows how she isn't actually like this- her teacher is shocked because it is abnormal for her- she quickly removes the fork from her mouth because obviously this show wasn't for her teacher it was to teach her ex-estfriend and lesson for calling her a "slag"

Schroeder- The idea that the gazer is more superior to the object of the gaze.
Doesn't apply here- she is the one walking in the light- she is making a corridor in the people- they are moving for her- not the other way round- it seems for her that her beauty is the thing that is giving her the power in this case. Also she is wearing the sunglasses at the beginning part of the clip- showing she isn't giving eye contact because she doesn't have to- everyone is looking at her, not the other way round, she has the power in this school corridor, in this scene anyway...

START OF ESSAY HERE....
Mulvey is a feminist theorist who came up with the idea of the 'male gaze' objectifying women in different media texts. Also she believes women are presented as sexual objects for the enjoyment of the male audience. From the above clip, Easy A, it supports Mulvey's perspective and view. However if you were to watch the entire film, it would be noticed that this isn't actually how this character is and is doing this just to prove a point- although this short clip does portray Mulvey's view very well. For starters, the simple mise-en-scene of watch she is wearing suggests this objectification of women as she is clearly showing too much skin, a "sexy" black silky tight corset- making it easier for the camera to follow her curves, along with all the men around her. Also, the mysterious use of sunglasses continues to show the male gaze because she doesn't need to show her eyes because that is clearly not what everyone is looking at- in contrast of what the normal "first impressions" should be, "her beautiful eyes". This shows how men clearly look at the body, especially if revealed like this character is. Even the simplicity of the walking down the corridor shaking her hips as she passes all the drawn eyes- not stopping to speak to anyone because she wants their gaze to follow her, this is a very teasing way of walking because it leaves them wanting more really. Also this shows the male gaze as they clearly can't take their eyes off her. Prior to this clip, she wasn't very popular, however as soon as she reveals herself in this way, she gains lots of attention. Suggesting by Mulvey's view, women can only be noticed properly if they can supply the interest in male views.

Additionally, as she walks through the parting sea of males, the camera doesn't go off of her, showing either a close up of her face or a body shot showing the surrounding people. This would have been important for showing the male gaze because it shows all the men not taking their eyes of her. This is also joined by the teasing smirk she has as she walks, alongside blow kisses at the men. However, when looking at Schroeder's view of the gazer being more superior compared to object of the gaze doesn't apply here. This character clearly has more superior in this case purely for the fact that she is the one parting the crowd of people, she isn't moving out the way. Also the way she has sunglasses on goes against this view because the fact you can't see her eyes shows she doesn't have to give people eye contact, as she is being watched not her looking at someone else.

However, even though many films convey Mulvey's view upon the male gaze, there are some that do not. For example, even if there is parts of the film showing a typical male view, Charlies angels also shows the empowerment of women. Notwithstanding that the Female gaze is shown as well. For example they are looking through binoculars as a man saying "yummy", this suggests that it's not only men objectifying the opposite gender- thus suggesting Mulvey's view is only half the truth, yes women are objectified through men, but women can be just as bad. Charlie's Angels shows women's empowerment by a selection of different activities that would stereo-typically be seen for a males enjoyment only. An example of this is the
monster truck racing and the women betting money with lots of men- showing she has the power the beat them. Also, in the trailer (linked below), a female character says "I'm here to save you" showing a contrast to the stereo-typical "damsel in distress". This suggests that even though Mulvey's view is present in most film, the extent to which it's relevant in all can be low- especially in films such as Charlie's Angels.
Charlie's Angels trailer
(Notes shown on previous blog)

Gender representation notes

The male gaze: Objectification- women exist in a media purely for the interest of the men.
How men look at women
how women look at themselves
how women look at other women

Archetype-
Stereotype-
Laura Mulvey: she is a theorist and a feminist and came up with the concept on male gaze in 1975.
here Mulvey wrote a very influential essay, 'visual pleasure and narrative cinema' starting that women art used of visual pleasure- women are made to seem like sexual objects through voyeurism
She believes that in film audiences have to 'view' characters from the perspective of a heterosexual male.
Women are presented as sexual spectacle show objects of pleasure for the characters and audience. she believed that perspective of a heterosexual male.
Stating that the way women are viewed in cinema is 'unequal'.
The camera necessarily present women as 'sexualised for the pleasure of men.
Men fetishies women which she referred to as 'fetishistic scopophila'
Men have this gaze to avoid being 'castrated'.

The camera lingers on the curves of the female body.

Facial expressions...
Women: Super-smiler, Romantic or sexual
Men: Carefree, practical.

"To gaze implies more than to look at- it signifies a psychological relationship to power, in which the gazer is superior to the object of the gaze"

Charlie's Angels

Examples of female empowerment and sexuality.
Surfing
Low tops
Short skirts



5 examples of empowerment
- Firing guns at motorbike
- Punching the window
- Women betting men.
- fly kicking men
- Throwing him on the floor.
-Saving men
-
5 examples of sexuality
- The surfing- bikini- exploiting their bodies
- Short skirts
- Strip show
- In underwear with long fur coat
- Male boss


1984: Miriam Hanson, put forth the idea that women are also able to view male characters as erotic objects of desire.
Since 1980's there has been a large increase in sexualisation and display of male body.


HOMEWORK- Draw reference from charlie angles and one other media text within

Tuesday, 1 December 2015

Vladimir Propp, Guardians of the galaxy


The hero- someone who seeks something
The villain- who opposes or blocks the hero's quest
The donor- who provides an object which has some magical property
The helper- aids the hero
The princess- Acts as a reward for the hero
Her father- rewards the hero of his actions
The dispatcher- who sends the hero on his way by providing a message
The False hero- Who disrupts the hero's hope by pressing false claims.

Alongside the 8 character roles, Propp proposed there was 31 functions to help provide a structure in the media text- in this case the film.
These 31 functions are shown below from the power-point presentation shown in class
...


The villain
The princess.
The magical object- no donor.
The hero- Star lord.
The helpers to the hero.